Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) inzira ine simba yekuongorora inosanganisa kugona kwekuparadzanisa kwegas chromatography nesimba rekuziva mass spectrometry. Nzira iyi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakuongorora kwemhando yepamusoro muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kutarisa zvakatipoteredza, kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu, uye sainzi yezvekuferefeta. Chinyorwa chino chichakurukura misimboti yekutora mass spectrometry database, ma retention indices, uye matekiniki epamusoro mukuongorora kweGC-MS.
Chikamu 1: Kudzoserwa kweMass Spectrometry Database
Parizvino, ruzhinji rwema Electron Ionization (EI) mass spectrometry databases akagadzirwa zvakanyanya achishandisa ma quadrupole mass spectrometers. Mamwe marudzi ema mass spectrometers anogona kuratidza mhedzisiro yekusarurana kwehuwandu, izvo zvinogona kutungamira mukusarongeka mukuzivikanwa kwemakomponi. Mukuongorora kweGC-MS, zvakakosha kubvisa ruzha rwekumashure kuti uwedzere kuvimbika kwemhedzisiro. Danho iri rinovimbisa kuti zviratidzo zvinowanikwa zvinomiririra vanoongorora vanofarira kwete zvinhu zvakagadzirwa kana zvinosvibisa.
Pakusarudza mass spectra yekuziva, munhu anofanira kungwarira matambudziko e ionization yemakemikari angamuka. Nzira dzakasiyana dze ionization dzinogona kupa maitiro akasiyana ekupatsanurana, zvichiita kuti maitiro ekuziva ave akaoma. Pakati penzira dzakasiyana-siyana dze mass spectrometry, quadrupole mass spectrometry inozivikanwa nekururama kwayo kwakanyanya, kazhinji inofungidzirwa kuti inosvika 25%. Kana tichienzanisa, ion trap mass spectrometry inotevera nekururama kwakaderera zvishoma, nepo Time-of-Flight (TOF) mass spectrometry inowanzova nemazinga ekutora asina kunaka. Kusiyana uku kunoratidza kukosha kwekusarudza nzira yakakodzera ye mass spectrometry zvichibva pane zvinodiwa zvekuongorora.
Chikamu 2: Nheyo uye Nzira dzeKuchengetedza Index Kuongorora Hunhu
Chiratidzo chekuchengetedza (RI) chinhu chakakosha muGC-MS chinobatsira mukuziva qualitative yemakemikari. Pasi apa pane GC ye Diallyl trisulfide uye 4-methylthiazole.
Nhamba Yekuchengetedza pasi peMamiriro Ekunze Asina Kupisa:
Mugadziriro yegesi yechromatography inodziya nguva dzose, nguva yekuchengetedza ma-n-alkanes maviri ane maatomu ecarbon n naN inogona kuratidzwa seinotevera:
RI = 100n+100[Nn]*[log t'–log t'n]/[log t'N -log t'n]
t'= t-tm; t'n = tn-tm; t'N = tN-tm inguva yafa.
Nhamba Yekuchengetedza Pasi Pemamiriro Ekupisa Akarongwa:
Mugadziriro yetembiricha yakarongwa, indekisi yekuchengetedza inogona kuverengerwa uchishandisa nguva chaiyo yekuchengetedza panzvimbo pemakoshero avo elogarithmic: RI = 100n+100[Nn]*[t –tn]/[tN - tn]
Zvinhu Zvinokanganisa Kuchengetedzwa Kwevanhu:
Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinogona kukanganisa indekisi yekuchengetedza, kusanganisira rudzi rwechikamu chisingachinji chinoshandiswa, purogiramu yekupisa, uye rudzi rwemuenzaniso wemuenzaniso. Kunzwisisa zvinhu izvi kwakakosha kuti pave nekuongorora kwakarurama kwehunhu.
Nzira Yemhando Yemakoramu Maviri:
Nzira iyi inosanganisira kuverenga ma retention indices ezvikamu pamatanho maviri akasiyana e polar stationary. Kana ma retention indices maviri aya akafanana neema standard compounds, preliminary qualitative identification inogona kuwanikwa.
Chikamu 3: Nzira dzeTandem Mass Spectrometry
Kuongororwa kwemasero eropa (tandem mass spectrometry) (MS/MS) kunovandudza ongororo yemhando yepamusoro nekubvumira kupatsanurwa kwemaion, zvichipa rumwe ruzivo rwemaumbirwo. Iyi nzira inobatsira zvikuru pamisanganiswa yakaoma, zvichiita kuti zvikwanisike kuziva makemikari angasaonekwe muchikamu chimwe chete chemasero eropa.
Chikamu 4: Kuongorora kweMMS kweHigh-Resolution Quality Analysis
Kuyera mass spectrometry ine resolution yepamusoro kunoita kuti kuve nekururama uye kugona kusiyanisa mass, zvichiita kuti ive chishandiso chakakosha chekuongorora qualitative. Iyi nzira inoshanda zvakanyanya pakusiyanisa maisomers nemacompounds ane hukama hwakasimba, izvo zvakakosha mukuongorora kwakaoma kwesamples.
Chikamu 5: Kuongorora kweIon-Molecule Reaction GC-MS Quality Ongororo
Maitiro eIon-molecule muGC-MS anogona kupa ruzivo rwe reactivity uye chimiro che volatile compounds. Kurongeka kwakakwana kwezvishandiso zvemass spectrometry zvekuongorora zvikamu zve volatile kwakakosha kuti pave nemhedzisiro chaiyo yequalitative. Maitiro ekuongorora qualitative yezvikamu zve volatile anowanzo sanganisira kusarudza kwakanyatsonaka nzira dzeionization uye kugadzirisa mamiriro echromatographic.
Mukupedzisa, GC-MS inzira yakaoma inobatanidza zvinobudirira kugona kwekuparadzanisa kwegasi chromatography nesimba rekuziva mass spectrometry. Nekushandisa mass spectrometry database retrieval, retention index calculations, uye matekiniki epamusoro, vaongorori vanogona kuwana mhedzisiro yakavimbika yequalitative, zvichiita kuti GC-MS ive chishandiso chakakosha muzvidzidzo zvakasiyana-siyana zvesainzi.
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